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Kap ali cerebrovaskularna nesreča je zelo hitra izguba delovanja možganov (električnih/kemičnih komunikacij med nevroni in ciljnimi celicami) zaradi motnje v dotoku krvi v možgane [1]. Do nje lahko pride zaradi ishemije (pomanjkanje toka krvi), ki jo povzroči zaprtje (tromboza, arterijska embolija), ali krvavitve (zlomljena žila zaradi previsokega tlaka ali tumorja). Ker gre pri kapi za urgentne razmere, takoj pokličite medicinsko pomoč, če ima oseba s tveganjem nenadoma težave z obraznimi izrazi, dvigovanjem rok in govorjenjem/razumevanjem.
Dokazana učinkovitost TKM pri okrevanju po kapi
Zaradi omejitve zdravljenja pacientov v bolnišnici se lahko rehabilitacija s TKM začne šele, ko pacienta odpustijo iz bolnišnice. V nasprotju s kožnimi ranami je poškodbo nevronov veliko težje pozdraviti. Obnavljanje nevronov in rekonstrukcija nevronske mreže trajata dolgo in potrebujeta ustrezno molekularno okolje ter stimulacije. Pri tem se je TKM, vključno z akupunkturo in kitajsko masažo, izkazala za učinkovito, zato jo pogosto uporabljajo v sklopu okrevanja po kapi [2],[3], zlasti na Kitajskem, kjer je več pacientov, ki jih je prizadela kap, kot kjerkoli drugje na svetu [4].
Tudi na klinikah igra akupunktura pomembno vlogo v okviru okrevanja po kapi. Ker se funkcije živčnega sistema izvršujejo z nevrotransmisijo mrež, se lahko škoda na enem mestu ali manjšem območju mreže nadomesti s signali z ukrivljenih poti. Simulacije akupunkture lahko pomagajo pri obnovi teh poti. Prej kot boste po kapi šli na akupunkturo, hitrejše in boljše boste okrevali. Z akupunkturo na lasišču nad različnimi območji možganske skorje, ki so bila poškodovana pri ishemični kapi, lahko povečamo pretok krvi in metabolično aktivnost živčnih celic in tako pomagamo pri ponovni vzpostavitvi živčnega delovanja. To zdravljenje se uspešno uporablja že zadnjih 40 let za pomoč pacientom, ki trpijo za hemiplegičnimi in podobnimi živčnimi pomanjkanji, ki so posledica kapi in drugih cerebrovaskularnih bolezni [5].
Ne le iglice - pomembni tudi gibanje, masaža in prehrana
Poleg tega so priporočljive tudi terapije z gibanjem, kot sta čigong ali taj či [6], ali celo kitajska masaža ter prehranski nasveti, ki posamezniku pomagajo pri zdravljenju in okrevanju po kapi.
V skladu s TKM se lahko kap zdravi s spodbujanjem cirkulacije krvi in odstranjevanjem krvnega zastoja, razkrajanjem krvnega zastoja in odmašitvijo meridiana, pogasitvijo odvečne ognjene energije in odmašitvijo stranskih, izboljšanjem sistemskih funkcij, spodbujanjem krvi in diureze, čiščenjem in razstrupljanjem, nadomestitvijo energije Qi in aktivacijo cirkulacije krvi ter spodbujanjem moči rasti. Bodite pozorni na to, da spodnje informacije služijo le izobraževalnim namenom. Preden zaužijete zelišča, se posvetujte s strokovnjakom.
Kitajska zelišča, ki se pogosto uporabljajo pri zdravljenju kapi, so:
Huang Qi (Astragali Radix): poživlja Qi in posledično izboljša cirkulacijo krvi ter utrjuje mišice.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix): krepi kri za spodbujanje cirkulacije krvi in lajšanje bolečin, izloča strupe in obnavlja mišice.
Tao Ren (Persicae Semen): krepi kri, odstranjuje krvne zastoje, podmaže črevesje in lajša zaprtje.
Shao Yao (Paeonia lactiflora): zgladi jetra, da ustavi bolečino, krepi kri in energijo jin.
Yi Mu Cao (Leonuri Herba): spodbuja kri in uravnav kanale, spodbuja cirkulacijo krvi in odstranjuje krvne zastoje.
Reference: [1] Stroke, Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke [2] Acupuncture for dysphagia in acute stroke.: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18646136 [3] Acupuncture in poststroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20167912 [4] Stroke in China: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke_in_China [5] Acupuncture: http://www.comfortacupuncture.com/post-stroke-rehabilitation.html [6] Effect of Traditional Chinese Exercise on Gait and Balance for Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26291978
Prevod: Klara Lubej
Vir fotografije: internet
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Post stroke recovery with TCM
A stroke, or cerebrovascular accident, is the rapid loss of brain function (electrical/chemical communications between neurons and target cells) due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain [1]. This can be due to ischemia (lack of blood flow) caused by blockage (thrombosis, arterial embolism), or a hemorrhage (broken blood vessel due to high pressure or a tumor). Since stroke is a medical emergency situation, for people at risk, if there is a sudden problem of facial expression, arm lifting and speech/understanding, call for medical aids immediately.
Proven effects of TCM on post stroke recovery
Due to the limitation of inpatient medical intervention, TCM for post stroke rehabilitation can only take place after the patient is discharged from hospital. Unlike skin wounds, the damage of neurons is very difficult to repair. Neurons regeneration and neural network reconstruction takes a long time and needs a proper molecular environment and stimulations. At this point, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) including acupuncture and Chinese massage shows an effective and widely used role in the stroke recovery [2],[3], especially in China, where it reports more patients with stroke than anywhere else in the world [4].
In clinics, acupuncture also plays an important role in the recovery treatment of stroke. Since the functions of the nervous system are realized by the neurotransmission of networks, the damage in one point or a small area of the network may be compensated by the signals from the roundabout ways. The simulations of acupuncture can help to rebuild these roundabout ways. The sooner you get acupuncture after a stroke, the faster and extensive your recovery will be. By applying acupuncture to the skin of the scalp above the various regions of the cerebral cortex that have been damaged in an ischemic stroke we can increase blood flow and the metabolic activity of neural cells to help restore normal neural function. This treatment has been used successfully over the last 40 years to help patients suffering from hemiplegic and related neural deficiencies arising from strokes and other cerebrovascular diseases [5].
Not only needles - the importance of movement, massage & food
In addition, movement therapies such as Qigong or Tai Chi [6] as well as Chinese massage and nutritional advice can also be recommended to assist the person's treatment in the recovery of a stroke.
According to the TCM theory, stroke can be treated by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; resolving blood-stasis and unblocking meridian; extinguishing excess fire energy and unblocking collaterals; improving systems’ function; promoting blood and diuresis; cleaning and detoxifying; supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation; enriching growth power. Please pay attention that information below is only for educational purpose, please consult professional advice before consuming any herbs.
Commonly used Chinese herbs in stroke treatments:
Huang Qi (Astragali Radix): Effects of invigorating Qi thus improving the blood circulation and strengthening muscle.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix): Effects of nourishing blood to promote blood circulation and relieving pain, discharge toxin and regenerating muscle.
Tao Ren (Persicae Semen): Effects of nourishing blood and removing blood stasis, lubricating intestine and relieving constipation.
Shao Yao (Paeonia lactiflora): Smoothing the liver to stop pain, nourishing blood and Yin energy.
Yi Mu Cao (Leonuri Herba): Effects of promoting blood and regulating the channels, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
References: [1] Stroke, Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke [2] Acupuncture for dysphagia in acute stroke.: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18646136 [3] Acupuncture in poststroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20167912 [4] Stroke in China: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke_in_China [5] Acupuncture: http://www.comfortacupuncture.com/post-stroke-rehabilitation.html [6] Effect of Traditional Chinese Exercise on Gait and Balance for Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26291978
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